Cartilage is a connective tissue consisting of the dense matrix.
Matrix is composed of chondrin . Matrix is used by cells called chondroblast which become embedded into matrix as chondrocytes.
Chondrocytes occur singly or in groups ( 1-8) within spaces called lacunae .
Surface of the cartilage is covered by perichondrian
Perichondrian is a membrane of dense irregular connective tissue which contain blood vessels and nerves. The membrane doesn't have nerves or blood supply.
There are three structural types of cartilage,
1. Hyaline cartilage
2. White fibrous cartilage / Fibro cartilage
3. Elastic cartilage
1. Hyaline cartilage
The most common type of cartilage. It has a glassy appearance
Location,
* Form most of the embryotic skeletal
* Cover the ends of long bones
* In ribs
* Cartilage of the nose
* Trachea
* Larynges
Functions,
* Has crushing properties
* Help to join the bones
* Resist compression stress
2. Fibro cartilage
Thick collagen fibers are predominant in the matrix
Location,
* Inter-vertebral disc
* Disc of knee join
Function,
* Tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock
3. Elastic cartilage
Similar to hyaline cartilage but more elastic fibers in matrix.
Location,
* External ear
Function,
* Maintain the shape of structure while allowing great flexibility